Managing Eating Challenges in Dementia

Overeating

• Individuals with dementia may sometimes consume more food than necessary.

Common Reasons for Overeating:

• A constant appetite for food may develop.
• The individual may forget they have already eaten.

Strategies to Address Overeating:

• Provide five to six smaller meals throughout the day.
• Engage the individual in activities to serve as distractions.
• Keep low-calorie snacks readily available.

Chewing and Swallowing Problems

• Eating difficulties may stem from issues related to the mouth.

Common Reasons for Chewing and Swallowing Problems:

• The individual may forget how to chew or swallow.
• A dry mouth may make swallowing difficult.
• Gum disease or other dental issues may cause discomfort.
• Ill-fitting dentures may hinder proper chewing.

Strategies to Address Chewing and Swallowing Problems:

• Consult a supervisor about swallowing issues; a swallow evaluation might be necessary.
• Demonstrate the chewing process.
• Moisten foods with gravies or sauces.
• Serve small portions.
• Gently remind the person to swallow with each bite; you can also stroke their throat gently and check their mouth to ensure food is swallowed.
• Avoid serving foods that are difficult to swallow.
• Steer clear of combining liquids and solids, such as cereal with milk, as the mixed textures can be confusing.
• Schedule regular dental check-ups to address gum, tooth, and denture issues.
• Notify a doctor if choking becomes a concern.

These strategies can help ensure a safer and more comfortable eating experience for individuals with dementia.